Islam ( Arabic : ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ )is
an Abrahamic religion and monotheistic religion
whose holy book is called the Qur’an . The religion was founded in the Arabian Peninsula and people who follow Islam are called Muslims .
Muslims believe that there is only one God, who is called Allah ( ﺍﻟﻠﻪ , al-lāh ) in the Arabic language . Allah means God in "Arabic".
Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last of
many prophets from God. They believe that the Qur'an is the exact word of God, as revealed to Muhammad. Muslims also call Muhammad a "messenger of God".
During his lifetime and after his death, Muslims collected what he had said and done. Muslims call these accounts Hadith . Muslim scholars
collected these Hadith and discussed which Hadith were most likely to be true records of the Sunnah, that is, the words and actions of Muhammad. Muslims see the Sunnah as an important source of guidance, along with the
Qur'an. Islam has rules based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah. These laws are called "Sharia".
Muslim lawyers have studied Sharia and written down their ideas about how to judge different cases. These ideas about Sharia are called Fiqh.
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